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Remember, variety "is" the spice of life
What is exotic cat enrichment?
Imagine doing the same thing over and over everyday.
Never changing. Imagine your house being
the same, day in and day out. Eating the
same exact food, doing the same
crossword over and over. Is this the
life you want have? I bet your answer is
"no". Most people like variety in their
lives. Animals are no different. Animals
need change in their lives also. This
change is what is referred to as
enrichment. Animals that are given
enrichment may live longer and may
possibly have healthier lives.
Enrichment also helps prevent boredom. A
bored animal may become problematic and
develop personality issues. So what next
you asked?
There are many many ways to add exotic cat enrichment
to an animals life.
Through senses, predatory behaviors,
exercise, social, enclosure, feeding and
training. Animals depend on their
natural god given senses. Adding some or
all of these are important for the lives
of all animals.
An enriching a cats environment should also offer a captive
animal some sense of control, resulting
from its ability to make choices for
itself, such as whether or not to hide,
what kind of temperature and weather to
experience and when and how to acquire
food, etc.
Exotic cats spend much of their time stalking,
killing, and consuming their prey.
Finding a safe
outlet for a cats natural hunting
behaviors can be quite a challenge. By
designing enrichment activities that
allow the carnivorous felines to chase,
pounce, and chew, cats will thrive.
Predatory behavior can be stimulated by
putting hay-filled burlap sacks or
cardboard boxes into the enclosures. You can also scent them with
perfumes, herbs, urine, essential oils
etc. The cats pounce on, shred, tug and
play to their hearts content like they
were prey. Animals pelts are also a good way
to stimulate the predatory behaviors.
Giving them pieces of rabbit, deer, and
cow pelts can entertain them for hours.
Try hanging something for them to attack
and play with. Use a large commercial
spring and attach a ball, tire, burlap
sack, cardboard box, or any other safe
product. They will attack, pull, tug and
chase. Having the time of their lives.
In the wild, a cat does not eat everyday. Animals will
gorge on food after catching their prey,
sometimes having to fast for days before
their next kill. At home, we feed our
animals daily. Usually in the same spot,
at the same time, with the same food. By varying theirs diets,
hiding food to hunt, food puzzles,
changing feeding locations on a regular
basis, as well as changing feeding times
will greatly reduce boredom of the same
old thing. If you decide to fast a cat
for a day, give something for them to
chew on like ox tails, beef bones,
pelts.
Some other activities may involve exercise while others promote
problem solving skills. Moving the
"furniture" around in their enclosures, giving
new items and taking older items out can also make a
big difference. Rotate the things in the
enclosure to make them new and exciting. Enrichment may be as
simple as giving an animal a ball,
cardboard box, or toy. The activities or
objects must also be safe for the
animal.
Most exotic cats live and
hunt alone but communicate with one another
by leaving behind scents. Encourage marking
by rotating the animals enclosures. Granted,
that you have more than one. Upon entering a
yard recently occupied by another animal,
they
will immediately patrol the grounds, sniff
everything, and then re-mark the entire
yard. They mark by wiping their back feet on
the ground, urinating, or scratching tree
trunks and big logs. The cats also use tree
trunks as scratching posts to sharpen their
claws.
Species specific enrichment is your best odds. Caracals
love to jump, Servals love to play in water,
while a Geoffroy loves climbing and high
places. Be innovative and try and think like
a cat. Here are a few other ideas to ponder.
spices, herbs, perfumes and animal scents
(urine, feces, skins) applied
around an exhibit to add an
olfactory dimension;
playing recordings of vocalizations of the
same species, predators or other
naturally encountered sounds to
elicit natural behavioral
responses;
placing elevated platforms and perches to
allow visual access to other
exhibits, animals and
activities;
incorporating simulated prey items into
predator exhibits to encourage
stalk-and-chase behaviors.
An innovative and well-planned
enrichment program may be one of the
most powerful and cost effective
tools available to maintain
physically and psychologically
healthy animals in a captive
environment. Benefits may include
increases in breeding success and a
decrease in stereotypical behaviors.
Enrichment can positively impact all
of the animals and people involved
with it.
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